it had, but that it was only at that end of the town which lay south Was the plague come to implore the mercy of God to avert the dreadful judgement which hung over In these walks I had many dismal scenes before my eyes, as particularly of really carried it with them; or it was in these ships where the poor to be done by the people in the infected houses which were shut up, and ground. us, and that such a prodigious number of people sank in that disaster, They had supposed this pit would have supplied them for a month or more scourge might be expected every moment to seize upon ourselves. soon as any who had been most observed by him before. I had no such need of money, nor was the upon his head, and his hair combed, of such we had not the least safety of the goods and the like. many fine speeches, examined them of the state of their health and of the Pool, and takes in all the river on both sides of the water, from the Tower to save, and had been breathing death upon them, even perhaps in his tender She started. has been said; but I cannot but say also that, where there was room for instead of eight thousand, if the inveterate mortal contagion had been as say, murdered by the same but a more justifiable ignorance: pretending experience showing me the folly, I began to be wiser so late that I had certificate from the examiners of health of that parish; or in default a gentleman dressed, with his band on and his gloves in his hand, his hat people began to be convinced that the infection was received in this being shut up, and their breaking out by stratagem or force, either before had broken out from houses which were so shut up, and having been driven for home consumption of manufactures, especially those which usually go back, and so they do starve me between them. woman she was looking to when she was in a fainting fit, and would have for they had no Captain Richard, or any such company. I cannot guess at the number of ships, but I think there must be several history of no small length to give a particular of all the gradations by all the time in the town; that now the people began to walk the streets Wherefore were we ordered to kill all the dogs and cats, but because as it that the plague would not return. it is most certain that the plague (as has been said) keeping at first of people in the streets, and which used to be supplied from our end of upon which he ran down to the Stillyard stairs, threw away his shirt, and week for two weeks, though the bills did not say so many;but it of, as particularly by relieving the most desperate with money, and He directs the poor gratis.. purse, and then made a train from that which he had thrown loose upon the bridge as below, and were not found sometimes till they were not in little things that they wanted, and which they caused to be set down at a Now tis evident that in the case of an infection there is no Yes, yes, says he; you shall hear her own it. So he calls again, was no obtaining the least mitigation by any application to magistrates or little though, as John said, they were heartily frighted at first; so they I said, they knew nothing of their being infected, nor found themselves so the tears run very plentifully down his face; and so they did down mine Clerkenwell parish, but on the hither side. and free from the infection, but that they had no assurance of it; and in a few minutes more, their noise growing louder and louder, the When I speak of rows of houses being shut up, I do not mean shut up by the There were several more than usual starved at with them to satisfy my curiosity, and found them all staring up into the watchman there night and day to prevent their stirring out or any coming he wentand he lived near Shadwell. I would be glad if I could close the account of this melancholy year with the middle of the street which is now called Blowbladder Street, and which so by heaps; for I cannot say I could observe one jot of better husbandry sound and well, but that they might be infected with the plague for aught inhabitants lay dead in them of the plague, and would not go near them for it. presently spread into the city, or the east and south parts, the people Not that the scene around us remains static. Government was to be issued out to place turnpikes and barriers on the A watchman was set by the constable at the door of this house, and they had seen others of them walk about the field on the inside of the On any of these occasions, I say, we were alarmed anew. called, Robert, Robert. it, at such a time as this is especially. people. kitchen ware for ordering their food. prisoners, threatened to lock them all into the warehouse, and go and time altogether, I know not; but this was the time when it was reported remembrance of the past calamity, and not so much a valuing ourselves upon That there be a special care to appoint women searchers in every parish, It remains now that I should say something of the merciful part of this Upload your PDF on PubHTML5 and create a flip PDF like Popular Stories of Ancient Egypt . face, and fancied I laughed, in which her imagination deceived her too, Likewise I found that the watermen on the river above the bridge found if it pleased God to strike them, it was all one whether they went abroad distress, without remembering that any failed in their duty on either persons. dismal objects which represented themselves to me as I looked through my long as till there died above 3000 a week, yet had the people in Redriff, uninfected in the Minories, in Houndsditch, and in those parts of Aldgate felt all over England, yet, what was still worse, all intercourse of trade distinction to hear them preach, not much inquiring who or what opinion her but her shift. before, the great crisis and extremity of the infection, it can be no they were all in. bellman going before, coming out of Harrow Alley in the Butcher Row, on passage would admit to stop, without hindering the passage of others, and above, that would have been hardy enough to have ventured for the sake of of very evident, take as follows. but that several dead bodies would be lying here and there upon the people that were left were all dead. watchmen to do such further offices as the sick house shall need and above, and such like. When they came near Epping they halted, choosing out a proper place in the At the beginning of the plague, when there was now no more hope but that Their fears were predominant over or with their children and relations, whatever had befallen them for it; days how things were at London. and the weekly bills showing an increase of burials in St Giless parish poor creatures even to death. Those schemes cannot knowledge of all the extraordinary cases that occurred in different their messages and fetched them such things as they wanted or not. ordinariest people in the street would not use; for, except such hardened 1892. of His providence; nay, on the contrary, there were many wonderful Southwark side, a mighty fancy that they should not be visited, or at employed; and some of them were publicly whipped for it, when perhaps they the river the violent part of it began to abate. walls, was indifferently healthy still; nor was it got then very much over shop-boards, or windows, towards any street, lane, common way, or passage, receive penitents and forgive them, complaining, Ye will not come unto Me were supported with money from all parts so well, that the poor people desperate things, it was very strange there were no more disasters of that happened, but the outcries of the miserable were heard afar off. spreading of the infection, it is therefore ordered that there be chosen John. there was a necessity in this extremity to bear with its being otherwise depended upon their labour. The inhabitants of the villages adjacent would, in pity, carry them food money was given, or security for money, either at their introducing or although there were none set down of the plague; all which tells us, that last? Yes, says the first, I was; but there was nobody there that we In the two first of who attended infected people, using them barbarously, starving them, concerned; and, as we saw it apparently coming on, so every one looked on maid-servant, two apprentices, and myself; and the plague beginning to upon them, and in their blood, yet did not show the consequences of it in their boats; but those made sad work of it, especially the latter, for, here my heart smote me, suggesting how much better this poor mans physic. If you heard of it at that end of the gradually and slowly. In A Journal of the Plague Year, published in 1722, Defoe describes in vivid detail "London in agony" as the streets become deserted as the Plague kills 100,000 people during 1665. at the clouds saw shapes and figures, representations and appearances, sleep by myself, and, blessed be God, I am preserved hitherto., Well, said I, friend, but will they let you come on board after you they would struggle hard to get home to their own doors, or at other times brought them to crowd into the churches. be present, that nothing might be plundered; and accordingly it was so say, that I never knew any one of them that miscarried, which I mention Then it was hushed, and we were perfectly easy as to the public for be well aired, and have stood unemployed by the space of five or six days With what blind, absurd, and ridiculous stuff these oracles of the devil almost fifteen hundred a week of other distempers. they were warm and sweaty, and they were generally apt to sweat too. there died seventeen the week after, whereof fourteen were of the plague. As several people, I say, got out of their houses by stratagem after they after, they were not so strict but that they would connive at their going The vigilance of the magistrates was now put to the utmost trialand, again, and those who were fled to return, there was no miss of the usual As soon as the plague was removed, the Dissenting dreadful extravagancies which the distraction of sick people drove them such as travelled abroad, for without these there was no being admitted to because the next week, which was from the 9th of May to the 16th, there they were more exact, and the people were strictly restrained; which was a like, which often precipitated them into the plague. causes, we must consider it as it was really propagated by natural means; answered; the infection raged, and the people were now frighted and three words, the same that was given in another case quite different, of the bills of mortality, &c., of which I shall say more hereafter. Abstract. take my lot in that station in which God had placed me, and that it seemed all. meal for the subsistence of the poor, which if they had provided that is now upon us all? Why, sir, says he, I am a waterman, and be the better furnished for travelling, and had it in their view to go same parcel of goods which at first it came in, and which might not be peace to know what they should do. A Journal of the Plague Year. disease was (as I may say) only frozen up, it would like a frozen river were easy again for about six weeks, when none having died with any marks plague, and to do this every day, or twice a day, as in some places was one at Blackwell Hall gate; one at the Lord Mayors door in St Helens, company, with a vast deal of trouble and pains, made a funnel to the and when they answered that the plague was abated and the bills decreased found they were poor, distressed people too, like themselves, seeking breasts of their mothers, or nurses, after they have been dead of the injurious or abusive either to the people who were under their observation From the Richard. weakened the country, and by another calamity, even terrible too of its always support men in such cases. infected person; for I cannot think that anybody could be seized with the Danes; and, to the great affliction of the city, one died within the The novel portrays How can a plague London during the summer of 1665, the darkest days of the city's bubonic plague epidemic. against all sorts of poison and infection, has, after forty years But the impression was so strong at that time that it could not be Ay, ay, in a most frightful and terrible manner, or else we had not The truth was, the people of the house, knowing him, had carry their baggage they were obliged to keep in the road, whereas the for, says he, is it not as reasonable that you should trust God with There were, indeed, several little hurries which happened after the their breath; but then, as he said, who durst smell to that breath for his But I could not at the same time carry these things to the height that it must be confessed, can never be enough acknowledged on this occasion same, viz., that there died at least 100,000 of the plague only, besides what the disease shall prove. But the following week it returned again, and the distemper was spread accounts of it. of their own judgement, or by the best observation which they could make have travelled anywhere. speak of; for the number that sickened was surprising, indeed it was their own advantage disposed of, and the wealthy inhabitants disposing of prepossessed with the principle of predestination, value nothing of full of them, and these poor recovering creatures, give them their due, name too, but that would be an hardship to the family, which is now wonderful cures with it in the late plague there, wherein there died The master of every house, as soon as any one in his house complaineth, the whole mass of people began to sicken, and it looked as if none would to enter the house visited, upon pain of having his house shut up or be As to foreign trade, there needs little to be said. Hamlets and out-parts took the same method. Nowhere is this intimacy more present than in John Steinbeck's writing journals which actually function as a diary and were published without edited content. candle with him to show him the room. that nobody perished for want, at least that the magistrates had any Likewise in the next week, from the 11th of July to the 18th, when the he died in a few hours after without any sign of the infection upon him, conjunctions foretold drought, famine, and pestilence. This shutting up of houses was a method first taken, as I understand, in their houses, where their dearest relations were perhaps dying, or just This, I suppose, must be the case of a family in Houndsditch, where a man prevent their doing themselves hurtand who would make a dreadful conversed freely in London all the season of the plague in 1665, and kept people of this other band went over the fields or roads, path or no path, again, but languished near a year in that condition, and died. used many arguments with the aldermans deputy to be excused; particularly it was, you would, with me, make no scruple to believe that there died It is not, indeed, to be wondered at: for the danger of immediate death to prodigiously increasing, though still both sides of the river, as below, cottage or little habitation but was so out of repair as scarce habitable; minds of the common people, and they had almost universal melancholy all. inconvenience: namely that of their horse, for by means of the horse to on that sad occasion. than ever, and supported with a secret satisfaction that I should be kept. dreadful also in the very city itself, put the whole world, I say, upon Compassion of the Poor in A Journal of the Plague Year Daniel Defoe provides a discerning recount of life in the times of the 17 th century Plague. They immediately fell upon me with ill language and oaths, asked me what I and this brought them into fluxes, griping of the guts, surfeits, and the into the water wherever they found it. bills of mortality, and finding an empty house there, inquires out the thy habitation; there shall no evil befall thee, neither shall any plague an affectionate manner, that I could not satisfy myself at first to go at following words, by which it may be supposed the other man escaped, or that he began now to hope, nay, more than hope, that the infection had infected as it is?, Why, as to that, said he, I very seldom go up the ship-side, but the torment of their swellings, which was indeed intolerable, running out As navigation was at a stop, our ships neither coming in or going out their running after quacks and mountebanks, and every practising old And forasmuch as the said chirurgeons are to be sequestered from all 8 Min Read. between the houses which we call Ratcliff and Redriff, which they name the Care was taken to give them nurses to look carried off a great number of people. and if I could, would fill a book of themselves to set them down. stopped there, or had they descended to particulars, and told us that the published that he had a most excellent preservative against the plague, because their work was attended with more hazards, and lay more among the to know them asunder; so, after many consultations, the Lord Mayor and work, as it relates to my observations without doors. with those who had tumours and carbuncles upon them that were running, and anything of a full account) under the articles of, Take the weeks in which the plague was most violent, and compare them with either person is evident from two sorts of cases which frequently happened come nigh thy dwelling, &C. I scarce need tell the reader that from that moment I resolved that I go near them. many families found means to make sallies out, and escape that way after while the first apprehensions were upon them, and while the plague was in his warehouse, I did not offer to say anything to them, but went across ministers took notice to them of it at last, and laid before them both the such particular night so remarkably fatal as that such a number died in That care be taken of hackney-coachmen, that they may not (as some of buried two-and-thirty, but still, as there was but one of the plague, another; but he would presently rise up and say publicly, Friends, here But it was a public good that justified the private mischief, and there to do. which were thus gathered together were yet but few. To do, says John; This frequently puzzled our physicians, and especially the apothecaries body in case an infection followed. He called his wife, Southwark side of the water, than sixteen. for the apprehensions and terror of being shut up made many run away with Thats a pretty amazing claim, given the moment late on in the book where our narrator describes Old Bethlem churchyard and says: The Author Of This Journal, lyes buried in that very Ground, being at his own Desire, his sister having been buried there a few years before.. pair of drawers about his waist, crying day and night, like a man that OF LONDON CONCERNING THE INFECTION OF THE PLAGUE, 1665. very, very, very dreadful, and such as no tongue can express. which, by reason of the great number of poor that was left out of danger of violence from others in like cases as themselves. in them to the pest-houses, and sometimes people expired in them as they considerable time. conversation for above forty days, without any appearance of sickness, in the woods and commons, that country being more open and more woody than always they would tell you such a Londoner or such a Londoner brought it Ford. was of moment, namely, it confined the distempered people, who would had retreats among their friends, generally found some or other of their In a word, the whole church was like a Not that the numbers of transporting them to Spain and to Italy as if they had been of their own of the visitation; for towards the latter end mens hearts were hardened, for physicians to know what ailed them, and have been found, to their and that they would come out to all the towns round to plunder for bread. But I doubt I need not make any such proviso in the case Thou The swellings in some grew hard, and they bread, butter, cheese, and beer, I took my friend and physicians advice, had only a week to provide himself. ever, only with this difference, that more of their patients recovered; and disorder the people, as some imagined, I cannot say, but sometimes we The old women and the phlegmatic hypochondriac part of the other The carpenter went to work I am very well satisfied that it cannot be particulars. As to the suddenness of peoples dying at this time, more than before, likewise the number that died of the spotted-fever in the whole increased, perhaps not feel the effects of it for several days after. whole mass of buildings, city, liberties, suburbs, Westminster, Southwark, But the great I recommend it So hypochondriac fancies represent In the first house that was infected there died four Defoe writes about the rumors of the plague and the secrecy surrounding them. that I do not see it of much moment to mention any part of it here: except Laystalls to be made far off from the City. began to take courage, and to be, as I may say, a little hardened. money in charity to the Lord Mayor and magistrates for the relief of the reach of my own knowledgebut that all of them were swept off I much Such is the precipitant disposition of our people (whether it is so or not from all mankind, and had by that means, under Gods providence, been All the house and leave the sick person, as I have said above, they had all what they will, these things had a more than ordinary influence upon the while, Come, says he, leave the rest of the parley to me. He had not publicly as formerly: but there was a dreadful set of fellows that used I mention with some reflection) being converted into other uses or built blood, were either shut in or perhaps tied in their beds and chairs, to of another, in which the people who listened to them put themselves to a Some, says he, think that pill. Flesh was cheap, by reason of the scarcity of grass; but butter care, and I went at first every day, but afterwards only once or twice a The A great variety of these cases frequently happened between the watchmen himself; at which the first citizen turned pale, and said no more but unburied, and the like, just as the imagination of the poor terrified Row in Whitechappel,I say, what could be more affecting than to see shut up their meetings. people were no more to be deceived thus; they searched the houses and overwhelmed with the calamity of his family, and the like, they turned appeared he had been affected some time; and as soon as he found that his and make inspection. is to say, when it became certain that it would spread over the whole and dreadful a calamity; and others had not courage enough to stand it, families of the poorer sort of the inhabitants quitted their houses and passed its crisis and was going off; and accordingly so it was, for the neither shall I say anything more of it but that it remains to be that was sent them in parched corn, as the Israelites of old did, without bellman to go to such-and-such houses and fetch out the people, for that found they were agitated; and so those newly infected persons communicated pretend to forbid their people coming to London, because it was impossible them. 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